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New Bridge is a 14th-century bridge carrying the A415 road over the River Thames in Oxfordshire, between Abingdon and Witney, close to the Thames' confluence with the River Windrush. It is one of the two oldest surviving bridges across the Thames and is a Grade I and Grade II * listed structure.〔 〕〔 〕 There is a public house at either end of the bridge: the recently refurbished Maybush Eco Inn on the south bank and the Rose Revived on the other. The bridge consists of two spans, where the northern span crosses the river and the southern span, south of the Maybush, is dry underneath except when the river floods. ==History== The bridge dates from the 14th century〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The National Heritage List for England: New Bridge and flanking walls 09/02/66 (that part in Kingston Bagpuize Civil Parish) )〕 and is built of Taynton stone in the same way as Radcot Bridge, which is slightly older. They were built by monks on the orders of King John in order to improve communications between the wool towns in the south of England, and the Cotswold farms, and named "New Bridge" as it was the youngest out of the three bridges built at the time (the third being the Lechlade bridge, replaced in the 19th century). It was also very much longer than it is now, with 51 arches and being long, compared with the current 12 arches.〔 Whether New Bridge or Radcot Bridge is the oldest surviving crossing of the Thames is debatable. While Radcot Bridge is the older structure, it was extensively damaged during the Wars of the Roses and had to be greatly rebuilt. Further, following reroutings of the Thames in 1787, the Radcot Bridge no longer crosses the main channel of the river.〔 In 1644, in the English Civil War, the Battle of Newbridge was fought on the banks of the river. Parliamentarian William Waller attempted to cross in order to surround Oxford and capture King Charles, but was defeated. In 2007 the area was flooded extensively. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Newbridge, River Thames」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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